XII Chemistry ( P Block elements)
The p-Block elements: Elements belonging to groups 13 to 18 of the periodic table are called p-block elements. General electronic configuration of p-block elements: The p-block elements are characterized by the ns2np1-6 valence shell electronic configuration. Representative elements: Elements belonging to the s and p-blocks in the periodic table are called the representative elements or main group elements. Inert pair effect: The tendency of ns2 electron pair to participate in bond formation decreases with the increase in atomic size. Within a group the higher oxidation state becomes less stable with respect to the lower oxidation state as the atomic number increases. This trend is called ‘inert pair effect’. In other words, the energy required to unpair the electrons is more than energy released in the formation of two additional bonds. GROUP 15 ELEMENTS Nitrogen family: The elements of group 15 – nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb) a...
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